74 articles in this category
Steps of a voluntary closure: dissolution by shareholder vote, amicable liquidation, profit or loss on liquidation, 2026 taxation, transfer tax and costs — the owner's step-by-step guide.
The role of a sale adviser or investment bank in a sale, their fees (engagement retainer and success fee), the exclusive mandate and the situations where their involvement is genuinely worthwhile for an owner.
How to value a professional practice's client or patient base, the lawfulness of its sale subject to free choice, the taxation of the gain and the Article 238 quindecies exemption, and the client-introduction clause.
How to read valuation multiples (EBITDA, revenue) by sector, what justifies a premium or a discount, and why these benchmarks are only a starting point. A cautious reading of the 2026 benchmarks to situate your company's value.
An OBO lets the owner secure part of their company's value in cash while staying in charge. Holding structure, leverage, taxation (contribution-sale under Article 150-0 B ter) and watch points around abuse of law.
The routes for an employee buyout (direct purchase, holding buyout, worker co-op), the 500,000-euro allowance of Article 732 ter of the Tax Code, financing and the pitfalls of a successful internal transfer in 2026.
How to move from enterprise value to the price of the shares: net debt, normalised working capital, and the two adjustment mechanisms (locked box and completion accounts). Decoding what lies behind a sale price.
The sequence between signing and closing a sale: satisfying conditions precedent, escrowing the price, executing the deed and a completion-day checklist. How to secure the last mile of a transfer.
A typical sale data room structure (legal, accounting, tax, HR, commercial, real estate, IT) to streamline due diligence, plus best practices on access rights, traceability and GDPR compliance.
What is legally binding or not in a sale letter of intent, the key clauses (indicative price, exclusivity, confidentiality, timeline, conditions precedent) and drafting pitfalls, in light of Articles 1112 et seq. of the French Civil Code.
A vendor loan lets the seller finance part of the price the buyer pays in instalments. Collateral (share pledge, bank guarantee, acceleration), capital gains tax and the option to spread the tax payment (Article 1681 F of the French Tax Code): our guide to securing the structure.
A company that rests on its owner sells for less: the key-person discount. Delegation, a management relay, documented procedures and customer contracts in the company's name — our 12-to-36-month plan to restore value before a sale.
Three years before a sale, four workstreams set the price: recurring revenue, restated accounts, reduced owner dependence and a clean legal position. Our method to maximise valuation and liquidity when you sell your company.
Contribution-disposal under Article 150-0 B ter CGI: full 2026 guide. Tax deferral conditions, 60 % reinvestment threshold, DGFiP audits, abusive schemes and the 19 February 2026 reform.
Our articles provide general guidance. A discovery meeting with Samuel HAYOT allows us to analyse your specific case.