50 articles in this category
Comprehensive 2026 guide to BSPCE warrants for French startup founders and employees: grant conditions, strike price valuation, taxation (article 163 bis G French Tax Code), PEA eligibility and apport to a holding company.
Compare bank debt, equity financing and public support for French SMEs in 2026, with practical guidance on building a resilient financing mix.
Factoring (affacturage) converts outstanding invoices into immediate cash by assigning receivables to a specialist lender. But the real cost goes well beyond the headline rate. This guide covers how the mechanism works, how to read a cost breakdown, when factoring makes sense for a French SME, and when to consider cession Dailly or reverse factoring instead.
Private investor seeking a project: business angels, love money, shareholders' agreements, IR-PME tax relief and advance-fee fraud warnings — everything you need to know before your first investor meeting in 2026.
A financing plan (plan de financement) maps permanent uses of funds — fixed assets, working capital, loan repayments — against durable funding sources: share capital, bank loans, self-financing capacity (CAF), and investment grants. Properly constructed, it reassures lenders and reveals cash weaknesses before money is committed. Here is the method, the common mistakes, and a complete worked example.
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