Read the article: What to do with excess cash before selling your company in FranceBusiness transfer
What to do with excess cash before selling your company in France
Pre-sale dividend, cash left in the price, or a holding-company contribution: the fate of excess cash is decided before the letter of intent, and the gap runs into tens of thousands of euros. A French chartered accountant's method.
Read the article: How to legally reduce capital gains tax when selling a French companyBusiness transfer
How to legally reduce capital gains tax when selling a French company
The 500,000-euro retirement allowance, gifting shares before the sale, contributing to a holding company: the legal levers that reduce French capital gains tax are decided before signing, not after. The 2026 picture, with numbers.
Read the article: Opening a hair or beauty salon in France in 2026: legal status, costs and break-even pointBusiness creation
Opening a hair or beauty salon in France in 2026: legal status, costs and break-even point
Required qualification, choice of legal status, real cost structure and break-even calculation: how to frame a hair or beauty salon project in France before signing the lease.
Read the article: Food store VAT in France: rates aisle by aisle in 2026Taxation
Food store VAT in France: rates aisle by aisle in 2026
Three VAT rates coexist in a French supermarket, and the boundary is not where most operators expect. Reduced-rate exclusions, the immediate-consumption rule, till configuration and filing frequency.
Read the article: IDCC 2216: payroll in a French food retail storeHR & Payroll
IDCC 2216: payroll in a French food retail store
A French supermarket falls under IDCC 2216. Coverage, the annual bonus of article 3.6, the Sunday premium, how the branch scale interacts with the statutory minimum wage, and the errors claimed over three years.
Read the article: French Clothing Retail Collective Agreement: IDCC 1483 and the 2026 ScaleHR & Payroll
French Clothing Retail Collective Agreement: IDCC 1483 and the 2026 Scale
A clothing shop in France falls under IDCC 1483. Identification, scope, the scale revised by amendment no. 29 applicable from 1 April 2026, and the mistakes that cost three years of back pay.
Read the article: The Second-Hand Goods Register: France’s Overlooked ObligationSector of activity
The Second-Hand Goods Register: France’s Overlooked Obligation
Six months' imprisonment and a 30,000 EUR fine, and the obligation is not limited to antique dealers. Who must keep a register of second-hand movable objects, what it must contain, and why it also secures your VAT position.
Read the article: How Much Is My Business Worth? The 3-Step CalculationBusiness transfer
How Much Is My Business Worth? The 3-Step Calculation
A profitable French SME is usually worth 4 to 7 times its adjusted EBITDA, less net debt. The three-step method to estimate your business, with sector multiples and a fully worked example.
Read the article: Valuing Parts Sociales in a French SARL: Method, Discounts and TaxBusiness transfer
Valuing Parts Sociales in a French SARL: Method, Discounts and Tax
Valuing parts sociales means moving from enterprise value to the value of a block of shares: net debt bridge, minority and illiquidity discounts, clauses in the articles and 2026 tax treatment.
Read the article: Business Value Opinion in France: Scope, Content and PriceBusiness transfer
Business Value Opinion in France: Scope, Content and Price
A valuation opinion is the short-form business valuation: a reasoned range in a few pages, from 800 EUR excluding tax. Useful to decide, not enough for a bank, a judge or the tax authorities.
Read the article: The Contribution Auditor's Report in France: Content, Timing and FilingTaxation
The Contribution Auditor's Report in France: Content, Timing and Filing
The typical structure of the French contribution auditor's report, what it certifies (non-overstatement), engagement timing and registry filing.
Read the article: Valuing SCI Shares in France: Method, Discounts and UsufructBusiness transfer
Valuing SCI Shares in France: Method, Discounts and Usufruct
Shares in a property holding SCI are valued primarily from the restated market value of the property, less debt and shareholder current accounts, then adjusted by a documented illiquidity discount. Method, discounts, usufruct.
Read the article: Business Valuation in a Divorce or Shareholder Dispute in FranceBusiness transfer
Business Valuation in a Divorce or Shareholder Dispute in France
Divorce or shareholder dispute: how the business is valued, what article 1843-4 of the French Civil Code provides, and how to choose between one-sided, joint adversarial and court-appointed expertise.
Read the article: Pennylane vs Dougs vs Indy: which online accountant in 2026?Digital transformation
Pennylane vs Dougs vs Indy: which online accountant in 2026?
Pennylane, Dougs and Indy are constantly compared, yet they are not in the same category. Platform via partner firm, fully online firm, or self-service software: how to choose in 2026.
Read the article: Agicap vs Pennylane vs Qonto: which cash tool for an SME in 2026?Digital transformation
Agicap vs Pennylane vs Qonto: which cash tool for an SME in 2026?
Agicap, Pennylane and Qonto are often lumped together, yet they answer different needs. Cash management, accounting, banking: how to combine them in 2026.